improving fuel efficiency &
emission control technologies
Environmentally conscious engine & more efficient fuel injection systems
IMPROVING FUEL EFFICIENCY & EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
Improving Fuel Efficiency and Emission Control Technologies
Many people anticipate that electric motors will serve as a near-magical solution to reduce fuel consumption and emissions. However, several technological barriers currently hinder the widespread viability of electric vehicles.
Challenges of Electric Vehicles
- Insufficient electric power generation to charge car batteries at the end of a working day
- Inadequate infrastructure for widespread electric vehicle charging
- Electric vehicles are considered a solution that is still distant on the horizon
Advancements in Internal Combustion Engines
In addition to advancements in fuel and air injection, modern engines incorporate sophisticated exhaust after-treatment systems to control particulate matter and convert harmful nitrogen compounds (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) into harmless nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O).
Key Technologies
- Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems to lower ignition temperature and reduce NOx and particulate matter
- Use of oxidation catalysts and particulate filters to capture and eliminate soot at high temperatures
- Addition of urea (AdBlue
) which reacts with NOx and CO to convert them into nitrogen and water - Implementation of ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) to capture remaining traces of ammonia
Environmental Impact and Challenges
While these systems have significantly reduced pollutant emissions, they have also increased engine costs and complexity. Additionally, they require specific low sulfur and ultra-low sulfur diesel fuels as well as lubricants specially formulated for these fuels to ensure the proper functioning of catalytic converters and particulate filters.
Conclusion
Given the limitations of electric vehicles and the complexities associated with advanced internal combustion engine technologies, experts recognize the need to address the challenge of reducing fuel consumption and emissions from multiple angles to make progress in all possible directions.
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